Which women's rights leader lived from 1820 to 1906?

Published in 1815, "Emma" was the last novel published during which author's lifetime? Which 1818 novel includes the line "Cursed (although I curse myself) be the hands that formed you!"? The first synagogue of which branch of Judaism opened in Hamburg in 1818? Which 1818 novel is subtitled "The Modern Prometheus"? Who lived from 1822 to 1885 and is buried in a famous tomb in New York City? In 1822, Dom Pedro was crowned emperor of which nation? Which South Carolinian served as vice president from 1825 to 1832, resigning to enter the Senate? In 1828, who defeated President John Quincy Adams?