Born in 1686, which physicist invented the mercury thermometer and devised a temperature scale to go with it?

Born in 1564, the same year as Shakespeare, which playwright wrote "Doctor Faustus" and "Tamburlaine"? Born in 1564, which Italian scientist often used pendulums in his studies of motion? Born in 1638 after his parents had been married some 22 years, which French king was christened Louis-Dieudonné, or "Go… Born in Hanover in 1683, which British king was the last British monarch born outside Great Britain? Born in 1714, which son of J.S. Bach spent decades as harpsichordist to Frederick the Great? Born in Braintree, Massachusetts, in 1735, who drafted most of the Massachusetts Constitution of 1780? Born in 1752, which Philadelphia upholsterer is credited in legend with sewing the first American flag? Born in 1770, which composer studied with Salieri, was totally deaf by about 1819 and died in 1827?