Which Oglala Lakota war leader, admired even by his enemies as a strategist, fought at the Little Bighorn in 1876?

Born in 1274, which king of Scotland fought the English armies of Edward II? Which queen of Henry VIII, mother of the future Elizabeth I, was executed in London in 1536? Which Powhatan woman, born around 1595, had the personal name Matoaka? Born around 1645, which pirate captain was sent to England for trial and hanged in 1701? Born Artis Ivey Jr., which rapper won a Grammy for Best Rap Solo Performance for "Gangsta's Paradise"? Born at the Château de Chavaniac in 1757, which Frenchman was hailed as "the Hero of Two Worlds"? Which pop artist, born in Pittsburgh on August 6, 1928, painted a famous series of portraits of Mao? Which Belfast-born scientist, who lived from 1824 to 1907, gave his name to a scale beginning at absolute zero?