Which Medici became the first Grand Duke of Tuscany?

A war between machines on the planet Cybertron over the AllSpark spills onto Earth in which 2007 film? What mechanical device is used to indicate musical tempo? What slang word describes a medical charlatan? Which California city is the seat of Santa Clara County? What word names a medicinal solution believed to act as a cure-all? What word for a medieval Irish foot soldier is also the surname of "Show Boat" composer Jerome? Which torture device, shaped like a human body and lined with spikes, is associated with the Middle Ages? Which Mediterranean island's name sounds just like a tree that grows there?