Which wealthy New York family's fortune began with the fur trade and Manhattan real estate amassed by its German-born founder?

By 1871, which was the largest kingdom in the German Empire? By 1877, which author had his idea for a story in which Edward VI and a poor boy change places? By 1880, both Edison and British physicist Joseph Swan had applied for patents on which type of electric lamp? Which inventor set up his famous research laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey, in 1876? By 1890, the Scott brothers of Philadelphia sold more of which paper product in the U.S. than any other company? Which Russian author and playwright wrote hundreds of short stories, including "The Steppe"? In 1897, many of Seattle's police officers and firemen quit their jobs to join a gold rush in which Canadian region? Which German engineer had perfected his alternative to the Otto gasoline engine by 1897?