Born in Connecticut in 1800, which abolitionist attacked a U.S. arsenal in 1859 and was hanged the same year?

Born in Chicago in 1933, which musician received an Oscar nomination for his score for "The Color Purple"? Born in Cologne in 1876, who was the first chancellor of West Germany after World War II? Born in Cologne, which composer of "The Tales of Hoffmann" became a French citizen in 1860? Born in Columbus, Ohio, in 1890, who was a race car driver before becoming a World War I flying ace? Born in Copenhagen in 1813, which Danish philosopher helped lay the foundation of existentialism? Born on Corfu in 1921, which royal was a great-grandson of the Danish king Christian IX? Hugh Miller, born in Cromarty in 1802, did much to arouse public interest in geology in which UK country? Born in Dallas in 1947, which singer hit the charts with the album "Bat Out of Hell"?