Which city was officially made the capital of a kingdom 109 years before it became a state capital?

Which Southern word means repairing, but before "to" means "about to"? Which term describes the final half of an 18-hole golf course? It was a small flowing body of water before it became a continuous transfer of data. What is it? What was novelist Henry Miller's middle name, though he wasn't born on February 14 and was certainly no saint? What is a device, such as a bandage twisted around a limb, used to stop the flow of blood? Which is alphabetically first of the Seven Sisters colleges? Which word means background music, as well as a line drawn beneath something for emphasis? Which state's highest point is 5,344-foot Mount Marcy in the Adirondacks?