Which word for a short statement of a principle or rule of conduct comes from the Latin for "greatest proposition"?

Which city borders Providence and is one of Rhode Island's largest cities? A subway platform under State Street in which city's Loop is about 3,500 feet long? Brewer Matthew Vassar opened his namesake college for women in 1861 in which New York city? What is a succession of rulers from the same family called? Complete the phrase for a sudden success that quickly fades: "a ___ in the pan". What is the sudden, violent discharge of a volcano such as Vesuvius called? A suicide note that called life "a lonely street" helped inspire the lyrics to which No. 1 song of 1956? Which word for a WWII suicide pilot was the winning word of the 1993 National Spelling Bee?